Building stave



Patented June 10, 1924.

ET. S'FS ronnns'r s. HART, or BArAvIA, NEW Yonx.

:BUILD-ING- STAVE.

Application led February 16, 1921. Serial No. 445,406.

tavia, in the county of Genesee and State ofV New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in a Building Stave, of which thefollowing is a specification. I

This invention relates to improvements in building staves for use inbuilding construction.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a building staveof reinforced concrete, sodesigned as to formation and reinforcement asto be capable of withstanding extreme pressures.

A further object of the invention is the provision of reinforcedbuilding staves adapted for specific use in silo construction, and whenso used forming a structure capable Aof withstanding great internalpressures.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a building staveof the above described character, which is `used in silos and the like,and which forms a structure which can be erected without any great de-Vgree of skill, and which when erected provides a durable structure,economic in that the same can be readily demounted due to the uniformcharacter of the staves; and in contra-distinction to a buildingconstruc'f tion monolithic in character.' Y

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of thefollowing detailed description:

In the accompanyingdrawings forming a' part of this specification, andin which` similar reference characters -designatecorf responding views,

Figure 'l is a side elevation of the lower art of a silo constructedofthe improved building staves.

FigureQ is a cross sectional view taken on lthe line 2 -2 of Figure l.'f

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view showingv thejointed connection of adjacent staves. l j Y Figure 4 is a fragmentaryperspective view showing the constituent parts of each building stave.

,Figure 5 is a vfragmentary cross sectional View showing Ythe method ofvassembling building staves one upon the other. f

Figure 6 is a perspective view of van individual buildingfstave, Y

parts throughout the several' In the drawings, wherein for the purposeof illustration is shown the preferred embodiment of my invention, thevletter A designates a foundation of anyapproved type,

upon which the concrete staves B are erected. 1n clrcular formation toform a silo C and which staves B are held in circular relation by a wirehoop D, the freeends of Awhich are clamped by the means G;

Since 'the building staves have been primarily adapted for use in silos,and since silos are generally circular in formation, it is preferredthat the building staves be arcuated transversely. In this manner, theblocks can readily transmit circumferential pressure in a direct line,and liability of rupture of the individual staves is lessened to a greatdegree.v

The staves are preferably of poured concrete, yformed of a mixture ofone, two, three ratio, that is, one part of cement, two parts of sand,and three parts of stone or screenings. This proportion, however, doesnot necessarily havewto be strictly adhered to,

and may be changed. The staves are substantially rectangular information, and as before stated, arcuated transversely. Exf

cident to any part ofthe concaved surfacev 1l. This expandedvr steelreinforcement is, of course, retlculate 1n formation, and extends fromside to side and end yto vend of the stave B, thus reinforcing the samethroughout its length and width. The reinforcement rlO is turned up atits Aends 12, and anchored inwardly into the top' and bot tom edges ofthe stave B.

on@ iongaudinn l@age of the building stave B', is fconvex and projectsoutwardly to form a tongue 13, throughout thev length of the stave, andwhich tongue is disposed immediately adjacent thel concaved surface 11of the stave. The tonguelB, is less in width4 than the' depth or'thickness of the stave B latfits points of juncture with the body ofthe stave, and thus provides `a sube stantially flat surface 14extending paralleland longitudinally of the tonguel, which isimmediately' adjacent the convex side l5 of the block B andthe purposeof: which will be hereinafter more, fully set forth. The opposite lon'tudinal' edge 16 of the block B is provi ed with a substantially vfinedby the convex surface 15.

concaved pocket, 17, immediately adjacent the yconcaved surface 11 ofthe arcuate stave B; and which pocket 17 is less in width than thethickness of the stave and leaves a projecting end portion 18, adaptedfor cooperation with the fiat surface 14 of an adjacent stave B.

In order to provide bearing surfaces for the wire hoop D and to aid inthe retention of the slaves B with respect to each other, it has beenfound necessary in practical work to provide a` pair of longitudinalreinforcing ribs or hoop-bearing offsets 20 and 21 upon each stave B.These ribs or hoop-bearing off-sets 20 and 21 are, of course, formedupon the convex surface .15 of the staves, and may project outwardly forany distance, sufficient to take care of clamping and reinforcingpurposes. It is preferred that rods 22 of any approved type be anchoredin the ribs 20 and 21 and in alignment to be intersected by thecircumference of the silo as de- 'Ihe longitudinal ribs 2() are soplaced upon the conve-X surface 15, that they lie inwardly from thebottom of the pocket 17, so that no part of the longitudinal rib 2O liesdirectly over the pocket 17. The other rib 21 is so proportionedintermediate the rib 2O and the longitudinal tongue 13 that the properspacing and proportioning of ribs will result when the various stavesare assembled in a building construction. As an aid in maintaining theclamping wires D in position upon the ribs 20 and 21, spacedindentations 25 are notched in the ribs for supporting the Wires fromrelative movement upon the ribs.

In order that the staves B will be positioned in proper relation,oneupon the other, a pair of lugs 27 are positioned upon the bottom 28 ofeach stave B adapted for reception or disposition within the impressions29 upon the top 30 of adjacent building bloc-lts B. In this manner therewill be no relative movement of one building block upon the other, dueto the fact `that the lugs 27 naturally find their proper positionswithin the tapered depression 29.

In constructing a silo, such as that shown inFigure 1 of the drawings,it is preferred that a special stave E be provided, shorter in lengththan the stave B, but otherwise exact in formation as the stave B. Thesta-ves B and E are alternately arranged upon the foundation Asubstantially as shown kin Figure 1. Thereafter, the sta-ves B ofuniform length are positioned one upon the other in order that acontinuous joint will not result circumferentially around the silo C. Asbefore stated, the silos are to be substantially circular in formation,and adjacent blocks B are positioned with a tongue 13 of one stavefitting into a. pocket 17 of an adjacent stave. In this manner, the

las?, iai

staves B are placed side by side, until a silo of the desired diameterhas been constructed. rlhe wire bands or hoops D will of cours-e, haveto be placed in the indentations 25 upon the ribs 2O and 21 as thevarious tiers of staves are built, and the clamping means G properlyadjusted, so that the various tongues 13 arel tightly positioned withintheir pocket 17.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that in this manner the variousstaves or blocks can be assembled merely in a mechanical manner andbound in their respective relation by means of the hoops D and clampingmeans G. However, in practical construction, it will be necessary totighten up the joints of the structure, and it is preferred that alcoating, or layer of plastic material 30 be placed circumferentiallywithin the silo or building C, thus presenting a uniform inside surfaceto the silo. A great advantage possessed by the use of this special typeof stave, consists in the fact that the joint formed. by the tongue 13and pocket 17 can be entirely sealed. As before stated, vthe tongues 13and pockets 17 are less in` width than the thickness of the blocks orstaves and when the staves are assembled, the adjacent surfaces 14; and18 will be spaced to provide a recess 31 longitudinally of the silo, andintermediate adjacent staves, This recess 31, is provided to receive aplastic filling` 32, to unite adjacent blocks to each other, and securea permanent bond` vertically of the silo construction.

Nuts 37 are provided for attachment to the ends of the wire hoop D whichroject through the clamping means G and) when tightened have the effectof tightly drawing the loop or hoop D circumferentially about the silo Cto securely clamp the various staves B tightly together.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that structure has been provided,capable of withstanding huge internal pressures, and which will be thecase where silos are used for purposes of storing grain and coal.

It has been found that in practical use, an ordinary concrete block willnot withstand the huge pressures resulting upon the longitudinal centerof the block.. However, due to the use of the expanded steelreinforcement, the strain is take-n directly off the center of the blockor stave, and transmitted throughout lthe length and breadth thereof.This reinforcement, however, directly transmits the internal strain tothe outside reinforcing rods 22, and which receive the ultimate strainof t-he inside pressure, to-

gether with the direct pressing effect of the hoops D. Av stave B hasthus been provided, which can be effectively used in various types ofbuilding construction.

Various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts, may be madeto the form of the invention herein shown and described, Withoutdeparting Jfrom the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

l. A building stave of substantially rectangular formation, composed ofcementitious material and concave-convex in cross section, said stavehaving an arcuate pocket extending longitudinally upon one edge saidpocket being disposed immediately adjacent the concaved inner surface ofsaid stave in order to provide a flat portion upon the longitudinal edgeof said stave adjacent the outer convex surface, the oppositelongitudinal edge o' said stave having an arcuate tongue disposedthereon and immediately adjacent the inner concaved side ot said stave,the tongue being narrower than the thickness of said stave in order toprovide a fiat portion at the base thereof immediately adjacent theconvex surface of said stave.

2. A building stave of substantially rectangular formation, composed ofcementitious material and concavo-convex in cross section, said stavehaving an arcuate pocket extending longitudinally upon one side, saidpocket being disposed immediately adjacent the concaved inner surfaceoi"- said stave in order to provide a fiat portion upon the longitudinaledge of said stave adjacent the outer convex surface, the oppositelongitudinal edge of said stave having an arcuate tongue disposedthereon and immediately adjacent the inner concaved side of said stave,the tongue being narrower than the thickness of said stave in order toprovide a flat portion at the base thereof immediatel adjacent theconvex surface of said stave, tlie outer convex surface of said stavehaving arcuated ribs extending longitudinally thereof, one of said ribsbeing cisposed adjacent the edge oit said stave in which the arcuategroove is provided and inwardly from said groove, the other of said ribsbeing disposed intermediate said irst mentioned rib and the longitudinaltongue upon A the opposite longitudinal edge of said stave.

3. A building stave of substantially rectangular formation ofcementitious material having an arcuate pocket extending longitudinallyupon one edge, said pocket being' disposed immediately adjacent theinner surface of said stave in order to provide a. flat portion upon thelongitudinall edge of said stave adjacent the outer surface of thestave, the opposite longitudinal edge of said stave having an arcuatetongue disposed thereon immediately adjacent the inner side of saidstave, the tongue being narrower than the thickness of said stave inorder to provide a fiat portion at the face there-y of immediatelyadjacent the outer surface of said stave.

FORREST S. HART.

